The rapidly industrializing countries in Europe sought natural resources and cheap labor around the world. They carved up Africa and colonized Asia. For example, the British East India Company, which imported tea, cotton, and indigo, took control of the subcontinent leading to the British colonization of India. In Africa, European nations competed for colonies. The Europeans not only sought economic and political control, but cultural and religious domination over their new subjects, as well. The people of Asia and Africa resisted European imperialism. In India, Gandhi led non-violent protests against the British Raj. In several African countries liberation movements took up arms against their imperial masters. What began in the 19th century as European domination ended in the 20th century, as one by one newly independent nations emerged around the globe.
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